Cervical surgery is most commonly performed to treat pre-cancerous cell changes identified through cervical screening and colposcopy. Removing the affected area of the cervix prevents these changes from progressing.

The most frequently performed procedure is a LLETZ (large loop excision of the transformation zone), which removes a thin layer of tissue containing the abnormal cells using a fine wire loop. It takes around fifteen minutes and can be performed under local or general anaesthetic. A cone biopsy is a similar but slightly deeper excision.

Recovery is quick. Light bleeding or discharge for two to four weeks is normal, and intercourse, tampons and swimming should be avoided during this time to allow the cervix to heal.

The removed tissue is examined by a pathologist and results are discussed with you. A follow-up screening test is usually recommended at twelve months. In most cases the treatment is curative, and future fertility is not affected.